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Structure and Function of Cylinder Head of Diesel Engine

Sources:Website | PublishDate:2019.04.30

Structure and Function of Cylinder Head of Diesel Engine
I. Function of Cylinder Head
Cylinder head is one of the main components of diesel engine. Its main function is to close the upper part of the engine block, and to form combustion chamber space with piston, cylinder liner and other components, as well as install injector, intake valve, exhaust valve and rocker arm assembly, to ensure the supply of high-pressure atomized diesel oil to the combustion chamber and the smooth process of intake and exhaust. The cylinder head of a water-cooled diesel engine is also provided with cooling water and lubricating oil channels.
II. Structural Form of Cylinder Head
The structure of diesel engine cylinder head can be divided into three types: single cylinder type, double cylinder type and multi-cylinder type.
1. Single Cylinder Head
柴油机的每一个汽缸单独使用一个汽缸盖,其特点是铸造和维修方便,不易发生变形且密封性好,但缸心距离大,使柴油机长度增加。 For example, 190 series, 195 series and 110 series diesel engines adopt single cylinder head.
2. Double Cylinder Head
The diesel engine uses one cylinder head for each two cylinders, which is characterized by easy casting, simple arrangement of lubricating oil and cooling water channels, but higher repair cost and longer maintenance time when a cylinder is damaged. For example, 135 series and 120 series diesel engines adopt this kind of cylinder head.
3. Multi-cylinder Cylinder Head
An integral cylinder head is used for every three or more cylinders of a diesel engine. The disadvantage of this type of cylinder head is that the force is not uniform, deformation is easy to occur, maintenance costs are high, and the time taken for disassembly and assembly is longer. Therefore, maintenance personnel must disassemble and assemble according to the order and moment specified in the manual.
III. Assembly Technical Requirements for Cylinder Heads
When assembling cylinder head, the following requirements must be guaranteed:
1. The bottom of the cylinder head should have a certain degree of smoothness.
2. Pad the high temperature resistant soft metal between the cylinder head and the upper contact surface of the body.
3. Ensure that the nuts with fixed cylinder head have a certain pre-tightening force and the nuts must be uniformly loaded. The sequence of assembly and disassembly must be in accordance with the technical requirements of the instructions.